Questões BNCC EM13LGG401

What´s the Difference Between the Metric and Imperial System?
Aug 11, 2021

While most of the world uses the International System of Units, aka the Metric System, Liberia, Myanmar and the United States are the only countries that have not officially adopted the Metric System. The United States has its own system, based on the old British Imperial System of inches and pounds.

What Is the Metric System?

The Metric System, or SI (Système International), is based off this original meter and currently the official system of measurement for almost all countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, Europe and Oceania. The SI units–fundamental units not based on any other units–are meter, kilogram, second, ampere (electricity), kelvin (although Celsius is a more practical measurement for nonscientific applications), mole (chemistry), and candela (luminous intensity).

What Is the Imperial System?

The British Imperial System was the official system of weights and measures in the United Kingdom from 1824 until they adopted the Metric System in 1965. The Imperial System standardized measurements for units like pound and foot that had different meanings in different places.

<https://tinyurl.com/yc5v9dh7> Acesso em: 16.02.2024. Adaptado.

Baseando-se no texto, assinale a alternativa correta. (FATEC 2024)

The Most Important Skill For 21st–Century Success
By Kevin H. Johnson

The world of work is changing so rapidly, as emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation change job requirements. As technologies continue to evolve and business conditions shift, employees must stay in learning mode so their skills don’t lose currency.

It’s one thing to keep up with skills as they’re changing in the here and now. It’s a whole different challenge to prepare yourself for tools and technologies that may exist only in the minds of engineers, if at all.

There’s so much uncertainty and ambiguity around the future of work, it doesn’t matter your industry or job function. That’s why, when anyone asks what the next “hot” skill will be, I say it’s the same skill that will serve people today, tomorrow, and far into the future — the ability to learn.

When people embrace lifelong learning, assimilating new skills isn’t a source of fear and stress — it’s just another part of their career journey. Separating process from outcome will make you a better learner too, as you get less fixated on immediate mastery of a skill and more appreciative of how moving outside your comfort zone helps you grow as a person.

A learning mindset also makes it less likely you’ll be thrown off or immobilized when a project changes scope or a job function undergoes transformation. While others scramble to figure out where to go from here, lifelong learners maintain momentum and productivity.

<https://tinyurl.com/ya42xtrr> Acesso em: 15.03.2019. Adaptado. Original colorido.

No texto, a expressão lifelong learning, presente no quarto parágrafo do texto, significa a habilidade de (FATEC 2019)

The Most Important Skill For 21st–Century Success
By Kevin H. Johnson

The world of work is changing so rapidly, as emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation change job requirements. As technologies continue to evolve and business conditions shift, employees must stay in learning mode so their skills don’t lose currency.

It’s one thing to keep up with skills as they’re changing in the here and now. It’s a whole different challenge to prepare yourself for tools and technologies that may exist only in the minds of engineers, if at all.

There’s so much uncertainty and ambiguity around the future of work, it doesn’t matter your industry or job function. That’s why, when anyone asks what the next “hot” skill will be, I say it’s the same skill that will serve people today, tomorrow, and far into the future — the ability to learn.

When people embrace lifelong learning, assimilating new skills isn’t a source of fear and stress — it’s just another part of their career journey. Separating process from outcome will make you a better learner too, as you get less fixated on immediate mastery of a skill and more appreciative of how moving outside your comfort zone helps you grow as a person.

A learning mindset also makes it less likely you’ll be thrown off or immobilized when a project changes scope or a job function undergoes transformation. While others scramble to figure out where to go from here, lifelong learners maintain momentum and productivity.

<https://tinyurl.com/ya42xtrr> Acesso em: 15.03.2019. Adaptado. Original colorido.

Na oração do terceiro parágrafo “... when anyone asks what the next ‘hot’ skill will be”, entende-se a expressão grifada como (FATEC 2019)

Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 25 a 29.

The Skills You Need To Succeed In 2020
By Avil Beckford – Aug 6, 2018.

The World Economic Forum reports that you need ten skills to thrive in 2020: complex problem solving; critical thinking; creativity; people management; coordinating with others; emotional intelligence; judgement and decision making; service orientation; negotiation; cognitive flexibility.

The ten skills on this list make sense for the age that we are living in. Of these, you want to focus on creative work, because that is where you are likely to remain employable. Every professional can be creative in the work she does.

You might have started to realize that you will need more than the ten skills listed earlier. Alvin Toffler once said, "The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn."

In some instances, relearning could be adapting what you know to a new reality. Take cell phones as an example. When they first came out, they were used solely as communications devices. Convergence happened, and now our smartphones are minicomputers. People had to relearn how to use a phone.

In terms of work, you will have to adapt some of your skills to the jobs of the future, and you will also have to learn new skills. Here are some of the additional skills that you will need to succeed in 2020.

Learning how to learn. Since skills are constantly changing, you have to learn how to learn.

Analyzing information. When you take good and detailed notes, you can review them to pick out the big ideas, understand, and make sense of information.

Spotting patterns and trends. I recommend that you combine ideas from the different books that you read. By doing this, you may be able to spot ideas and trends.

Communicating – written and oral. You can combine ideas that once seemed unrelated to communicate them to influencers, who can help you to shape and implement them.

Understanding and leveraging technology. Technology is changing at an unprecedented pace, so you need to understand and keep on top of it.

<https://tinyurl.com/y7pahnqf> Acesso em: 15.10.2018. Adaptado.

Na frase, The World Economic Forum reports that you need ten skills to thrive in 2020…, presente no primeiro parágrafo do texto, a palavra thrive pode ser substituída por
De acordo com o texto, dentre as dez habilidades apontadas como necessárias para os profissionais prosperarem em 2020, a habilidade que apresenta maior probabilidade para que uma pessoa se mantenha empregada é (FATEC 2019)

Technology brought us fake news — and it will help us kill it

“Fake news” - websites disseminating news stories that are false but are believed to be true – was a major feature of the U.S. election season. Some observers believe that it determined the outcome of the election, although there is no way to definitively ascertain its effect on voting.

Fake news is news that affects the digital universe profoundly. Fake news grew because of the ease of creating and disseminating websites and stories that look and read as credible as real news sites (at least to many people). It is disseminated on social media platforms just because dissemination of information without vetting has always been a feature of those platforms. This was designed to facilitate communication - no one removes a negative comment about a restaurant on Facebook.

On the positive side, this means that everyone’s opinion can be disseminated. The awareness of fake news, though, reveals a downside – or perhaps a loophole – of the freedom to post. And fake news may beget¹ fake news. Facebook is not the only media company to be an inadvertent host for fake news, but it is by far the largest, with roughly 2 billion users each month.

Forbes indicates that the fallout² from fake news during the election cycle may cause advertisers to pull back from Facebook, as it is less “brand safe” than formerly. If unchecked, fake news could impact the perceived credibility of online sites where fake news runs. Since the election, Facebook has announced plans to refine and increase automated detection of fake news and to make reporting of suspected stories easier for Facebook users. It has also indicated that the current ad system will be changed, to interfere with fake news sites receiving revenue from Facebook.

<https://tinyurl.com/y8jfq2t4> Acesso em: 07.11.2017. Adaptado.

Glossário
beget¹: gerar, criar, produzir.
fallout²: efeitos negativos.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta, de acordo com o texto, elementos que podem ser considerados razões para a disseminação ou o aumento de fake news. (FATEC 2018)

Here’s how long you can work before your brain 1shuts down

I’m having a hard time starting this article. According to research out of the University of Melbourne, that might be because I’m middle-aged and work too much. Economists determined that burning the midnight oil makes you, well, dumber.” Our study highlights that too much work can have adverse effects on cognitive functioning,” they conclude.

Tell us something we didn’t know. Who hasn’t, at the end of a seemingly endless workweek, found themselves staring blankly at their computer screen or into space unable to remember what they had for lunch, let alone form a coherent thought about the task at hand?

For some employees, of course – the average resident 2physician or, these days, that “3gig economy” worker who makes ends meet by banging away at multiple projects – long hours are a fact of modern working life. And there’s a cost. Medical researchers have shown that working too much can affect employees’ physical and mental health.

So how much is too much? For people age 40 and older, working up to roughly 25 hours per week boosts memory, the ability to quickly process information and other aspects of cognitive function, according to the study, which drew on a longitudinal survey that tracks the well-being of 6,000 Australians. Beyond 25 hours a week, the middle-aged brain doesn’t work as well, the study indicates, noting that the findings apply to both men and women.

<http://tinyurl.com/j4os8ck> Acesso em: 24.08.2016. Adaptado.

Glossário: 1to shut down: parar de operar/funcionar. 2physician: médico. 3gig economy: ambiente de trabalho baseado em empregos temporários e contratos de curta duração.

Ao escrever, no início do texto, “I’m having a hard time starting this article”, o autor (FATEC 2017)

“I knew the route number, but not the words beside it,” said a passenger at a Wellington community meeting. Residents were discussing new bus maps. Alongside English directions, the maps use Maori terms common in local conversations, such as whanau in a note about family fares and kai near market stops. A council editor explained that the terms were kept because commuters already use both languages in daily life. Some residents requested a short glossary, while others argued that maps should use only “standard English.” The transit authority will test the maps and collect feedback from passengers who speak Maori, English, or both.

Analyze the debate in the text. What view of English in public communication is supported by the use of Maori terms on the maps?

At the entrance to a railway station in Cardiff, travelers read “Croeso” before the English greeting on electronic boards. Ticket machines, safety notices, and platform announcements also use both languages. Staff members explain that public services must offer Welsh and English. In a community library, older photographs show official notices written only in English. A local historian recalls that campaigns by Welsh speakers contributed to expanding the language’s presence in public institutions. Some passengers use Welsh at home, others use English, and many alternate between the two during the day.

Analyze the changes described in the text. What do they indicate about the social role of Welsh in Cardiff?